New user allocation

A fresh address joining a small pool has a meaningful initial cap. The protocol explicitly avoids "cold-start lockout" where new participants can't get in.

The first-operation math

The cap formula is C_max · 12λ(1−λ)² / √(n+2) where:

• λ is the share the deposit would represent (balanceOf(user) / totalSupply() after the operation).
• n is the protocol-wide largeHolders() count: addresses currently holding at least one whole token unit, floored at the governance parameter MIN_HOLDERS_ID (Position.largeHolders() returns the max of the two). It is not a per-user counter. MIN_HOLDERS_ID is unset at construction (default 0), so in a fresh pool n starts at the live holder count (zero at genesis) until governance raises the parameter; Constant.MIN_HOLDERS (1e18) is the governance ceiling, not a default.

So for a brand-new pool just past genesis at default parameters, n = 0 and the cap divisor is √(0 + 2). If governance raises MIN_HOLDERS_ID above the live count, n is floored at that value instead. As real depositors arrive and the live holder count rises above the floor, n grows accordingly.

For a brand-new user joining a pool where n is still at its floor, the first-operation cap is:

$${\text{cap}}_{\text{first}}=C_{max}\cdot \frac{12\lambda (1-\lambda {)}^2}{\sqrt{\text{MIN\_HOLDERS\_ID}+2}}$$

The cap is self-consistent — the protocol solves for the maximum λ such that the cap function evaluated at that λ permits the deposit. At default parameters and a near-empty pool, a brand-new user can deposit a meaningful share (well below the 1/3 peak of the beta function); the exact percentage depends on C_max (CAP_ID, see position-parameters) and MIN_HOLDERS_ID.

Cap floor

In addition to the formula, the protocol sets an absolute cap — the CAP_ID parameter on the position — that caps any single user's mint room regardless of pool state. The floor ensures a small new user can always make a meaningful first deposit, even into a deep pool.

The default CAP_ID is configured per-pool. Governance can adjust this within the standard lethargic bounds (0.5×–2× per MONTH).

What this means for adoption

• The very first user of a new pool can deposit aggressively — the pool is empty, so λ can grow large and n is still at the MIN_HOLDERS_ID floor.
• Early users in a small pool also have generous caps relative to the pool size — n is still low.
• New users in a large established pool face a √(n+2) divisor that's tightened by every existing large holder. The absolute CAP_ID then dominates.

What this doesn't allow

• A fresh address can't deposit more than 1/3 of the pool in a single operation, regardless of capital — that's the peak of the 12λ(1−λ)² factor.
• An attacker can't bypass the cap with a flash loan: the cap is computed on the post-deposit state, including the flash-loan amount.
• Cycling deposits and withdrawals doesn't help — n only ticks down when a holder's balance drops below the unit threshold, not when they withdraw to a still-positive balance.

Where to go next

• How caps grow — the dynamics of subsequent operations
• Position parameters — the CAP_ID and MIN_HOLDERS_ID defaults